54th Infantry
The 54th Infantry, or the 54th Massachusetts Infantry, was a group of soldiers that consisted mostly of African Americans that were freed by the Emancipation Proclamation. This infantry took a charge towards Fort Wagner, located in South Carolina, on July 1863. The 54th Infantry suffered high casualties and failed the operation. Almost half of the soldiers were killed, wounded, or captured. Edward L. Pierce, a correspondent for the 'New York Tribune', wrote, "The 54th did well and nobly...They moved up as gallantly as any troops could,and with their enthusiasm they deserved a better fate." The 54th's heroism, courage, and bravery made it the most celebrated African American infantry of the war.
Unfair Treatment Towards African Americans
African American soldiers were paid $10 a month, while White soldiers were paid $13 a month.
Their commanding officers were White; African Americans could not become officers.
They risked capture by the Confederates and being brought back into slavery.
Segregated units were made with only Black soldiers and White commanding officers.
Black captives of the Confederates were treated more harshly than the white captives.
Their commanding officers were White; African Americans could not become officers.
They risked capture by the Confederates and being brought back into slavery.
Segregated units were made with only Black soldiers and White commanding officers.
Black captives of the Confederates were treated more harshly than the white captives.
Role of African Americans
Nearly 180,000 African Americans served with the Union of the north. Their role was to help out and fight during the war as soldiers. African Americans severed in 163 units and part of the Navy.